Socio-demographic variables and utilization of Insecticide Treated Bed Net among pregnant women in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria (Published)
This study investigated socio-demographic variables and utilization of insecticide treated nets among pregnant women in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of this study, two null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05level of significance. There was a detailed review of related literature on the variables of the study. Survey research design was employed in the study. Simple random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the health facilities used for the study while the systematic random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the health facilities used for the study while the systematic random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the seven hundred and forty one respondents used for the study. A structured questionnaire was the instrument utilized for data collection. The instrument was subjected to validity by relevant experts. Cronbach alpha method was employed to establish the reliability of the research instrument. Totest the various hypotheses that were formulated for the study, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson product moment correlation statistics were utilized for analysis of data. The result obtained from data analysis and hypotheses testing in the study revealed that there was a significant influence of age, educational status on utilization of insecticide treated nets among pregnant women. it was recommended among other that pregnant women across various groups especially the younger ones should be adequately sensitized on the need to effectively utilize insecticide treated nets in order to prevent the incidence of malaria during pregnancy
Keywords: Nigeria, Pregnant Women, Socio-Demographic Variables, southern Cross River State, treated bed net, utilization of insecticide
Impact of Nutrition Education Intervention Programme On Nutritional Awareness Among Pregnant Women in Ningi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. Nigeria (Published)
This study assessed the impact of nutrition education intervention programme on nutritional awareness among pregnant women in Ningi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. Nigeria. The population for this study comprised of thirty-three thousand and thirty-five (33,035) pregnant women in Ningi LGA, Bauchi State. Multi-stage sampling techniques of clustered, simple random sampling, proportionate sampling and systematic sampling technique were used to select one hundred (100) participants as a sample size of the study. Quasi-experimental research design was adopted for this study. The research instrument for the collection of relevant data for this study is a researcher-developed closed-ended questionnaire which is divided into four (4) sections (A, B, C and D) on the adapted General Nutritional Awareness Questionnaire (AGNAQ) developed by Kliemann, Wardle, Jonhson, and Croker (2016). The instrument was validated by five (5) experts in the field of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Public Health and Nursing Science. Reliability index of 0.71 was obtained using split-half method of thirty (30) pregnant women who were attending ANC at the general hospital in the Birnin Kudu Local Government Area of Jigawa State and data collected was subjected to statistical test using Spearman Brown’s Prophecy Formula. Frequency count and percentage were used to describe the described the socio-demographic information of the respondents. Paired sample t-test and independent t-test was used to test formulated null-hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. The result of the study indicated that there is significant impact of nutrition education intervention programme on nutritional awareness among pregnant women in Ningi LGA, Bauchi State (t-52.723, df: 99; P<0.05); and there is significant difference between the experimental and the control groups after nutrition education intervention programme (t=-39.2, df: 98; P<0.05). It was recommended that Seminar and workshop should be organized periodically to the primary health workers on nutritional education intervention programme during ANC to improves nutritional awareness of pregnant women by optimising collaboration between primary health care agency, government, non-governmental organizations, and maternal and child health service providers.
Citation: Ningi A.U., Abubakar Z., Abdulkadir S. and Bello Y. (2022) Impact of Nutrition Education Intervention Programme On Nutritional Awareness Among Pregnant Women in Ningi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. Nigeria, European Journal of Biology and Medical Science Research, Vol.11, No.1, pp.,47-56
Keywords: Impact, Nutrition Education, Pregnant Women, intervention programme, nutritional awareness
Prevalence, Associated Factors, Bacterial and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in a Sample of Iraqi Pregnant Women in Al-Najaf (Published)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are rendered as the most common bacterial infections prevailing among humans, both in the community and hospital settings. In pregnancy, UTI can lead to poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. The current cross-sectional study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women, to determine its association with sociodemographic, obstetrical and other factors, and to identify causative agents with antibiotic sensitivity. A total of 300 pregnant women at Al-Zahraa teaching hospital / Al-Najaf from the 1st of April 2014 to 30th July 2014, with and without the symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI), were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were taken and general urine examination with culture was performed. Sensitivity tests were also performed for the isolated organisms. The data pertaining to the associated risk factors were collected by using a structured questionnaire form. The results revealed that the overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria in pregnant women was 37 %, representing symptomatic and asymptomatic (23%, 14% respectively). The predominant bacterial pathogen was Escherichia coli (28.8 %), which was found to be resistant to penicillin (100 %) and cephalosporins group (40%), but sensitive to garamycin (95%) and Amikacin (90%). Factors such as type of past delivery, previous history of UTI, symptomatic patients and vaginitis were found to be significantly associated with higher rates of UTI. Significant bacteriuria was found in both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women, which was significantly higher among those with lower age.
Keywords: Antenatal Care, Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Pregnant Women, Significant bacteriuria, UTI
Malaria Prevalence and Drug Management in Pregnant Women Attending Remotely Located Daura General Hospital, North West Nigeria (Published)
Health authorities in Nigeria have for many years promoted national malaria control measures such as the use of insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs), indoor residual spray of insecticides (IRS), intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) for pregnant women and children and the use of artemisinin combined therapy (ACT) as first line of treatment to reduce the prevalence of the disease in the country. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these control measures, there is the need for continued disease monitoring and management across different zones of the country, especially among high risk cohorts such as children and pregnant women at remote locations. A 13 months study (July 2014 to July 2015) was carried out to establish the current prevalence of malaria among female patients attending Daura General Hospital in North West Nigeria, using standard laboratory procedures. Daura is a remotely located town that lies in the semi-arid zone of northern Nigeria at the intersection of roads from Katsina, Kano and Zinder in Niger Republic, with coordinates of 130 2’11’’ North, 80 19’4’’ East and 1,558 feet (474 meters) above sea level. Of the 8413 patients that tested positive for malaria parasite during the period, 1119 (13.30%) were children, 3721 (44.23%) were women, 2609 (30.99%) were men and 966 (11.48%) were the elderly. Among the infected women population, 2105 (56.57%) were pregnant (PGW), while 1616 (43.23%) were non-pregnant (NPW) women, indicating statistical significance in malaria prevalence between the two cohorts (p<0.05). Age related prevalence was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the 11 – 20 years group (32.68%) of the PGW and 21 – 30 years group (44.43%) of the NPW than the 25.89% recorded in the 21 – 30 years group and 21.05 and 20.38% recorded in the 31 – 40 years and 41 – 50 years groups of the PGW respectively. The highest seasonal prevalence rate was recorded during the late rainy season (LRS) months of July to September (10.86% for PGW and 8.83% for NPW) followed by the 7.73% recorded for PGW and 7.24% recorded for NPW during the early dry season (EDS) months of October to December. The lowest rates (5.67 and 5.46% for PGW and 6.50% for NPW) were recorded during the early rainy (ERS, April – June) and late dry season (LDS, January – March) months respectively. Monthly prevalence rates were highest during August (15.63%), September (15.11%) and October (11.26%) for the PGW, while corresponding prevalence figures for these months among the NPW were significantly lower (p<0.05) at 8.29, 9.22 and 7.80% respectively. Major drugs prescribed for the prevention of malaria during the second and third trimesters once foetal quickening is noticed include sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine given monthly, while for cure and treatment during all trimesters quinine SO4, arthessunate, α-β arteate and arthessunate/lumefantrim were prescribed. Analgesics, electrolytes and vitamins were also indicated. Malaria is a major cause of hospital visits pregnant women especially during the rainy season months, indicating the need to improve advocacy on intervention control measures among these groups in the study area.
Keywords: Hospital, Malaria, Nigeria, Pregnant Women, drug management
Prevalence, Associated Factors, Bacterial and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infections in a Sample of Iraqi Pregnant Women in Al-Najaf (Published)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are rendered as the most common bacterial infections prevailing among humans, both in the community and hospital settings. In pregnancy, UTI can lead to poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. The current cross-sectional study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women, to determine its association with sociodemographic, obstetrical and other factors, and to identify causative agents with antibiotic sensitivity. A total of 300 pregnant women at Al-Zahraa teaching hospital / Al-Najaf from the 1st of April 2014 to 30th July 2014, with and without the symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI), were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were taken and general urine examination with culture was performed. Sensitivity tests were also performed for the isolated organisms. The data pertaining to the associated risk factors were collected by using a structured questionnaire form. The results revealed that the overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria in pregnant women was 37 %, representing symptomatic and asymptomatic (23%, 14% respectively). The predominant bacterial pathogen was Escherichia coli (28.8 %), which was found to be resistant to penicillin (100 %) and cephalosporins group (40%), but sensitive to garamycin (95%) and Amikacin (90%). Factors such as type of past delivery, previous history of UTI, symptomatic patients and vaginitis were found to be significantly associated with higher rates of UTI. Significant bacteriuria was found in both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women, which was significantly higher among those with lower age.
Keywords: Antenatal Care, Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Pregnant Women, Significant bacteriuria, UTI
Trends in Caesarean Section at Calabar General Hospital, Cross River State, Nigeria (Published)
There are wide global variations in the prevalence of caesarean section in developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. The objective of this this study was to determine the trends in caesarean section at Calabar General Hospital, Cross River State. This paper used a retrospective review of clinical records at the maternity units of Calabar General Hospital from 2009 to 2013. Findings from this study showed that Cesarean section rate ranged from 3.85% in 2009 to 7.38% in 2013 with an average cesarean section rate of 5.39%. Based on available data, elective cesarean section progressed substantially from 17.2% in 2009 and slightly declined to 15.3% in 2010, then increased again from 22.5% in 2011, 29.6% in 2012 to 31.0% in 2013. Emergency cesarean section on the other hand increased progressively from 82.8% in 2009 to 84.7% in 2010 then declined from 77.5% in 2011, 70.4% in 2012 to 69.0% in 2013. In conclusion improvement of obstetric services should be a priority in all health care settings.
Keywords: Calabar General Hospital, Ceasearan section, Pregnant Women, Trends