IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES ON THE ANTICANDIDAL ACTIVITY OF CARICA PAPAYA SEED EXTRACT (Published)
Ten isolates, from 25 skin scraping of cutaneous infected site were diagnosed as Candida albicans. Infection with C.albicans was the highest among females than males with a rate of 80% and 20% respectively, and among patients with age 21-30 years(40%).In vitro antifungal susceptibility of ketoconazole, fluconazole,Nystatin, Amphotericin–B and Clotrimazole against clinical isolates of C. albicans indicate that the yeast isolates were susceptible (100%)to four antifungal ,while 3 out of isolates were resistance to fluconazole with inhalation zone 20.4mm.The in vitro study using the seed extracts of Carica papaya at concentrations 10%,25% and 50% inhibited the growth of C. albicans with rate 10mm, 9mm,8mm, respectively compatible with control(0%) 15mm. In vivo antifungal activity studies on candidiasis in mice treated with the seed extract (2.5g/kg body weight ),liver showed infiltration in lymphocyte and hydropic degeneration, while spleen and kidney showed in filtration of lymphocyte ,compatible with negative control(not treatment) and positive control treated with ketoconazole .
Keywords: Antifungal activity, Candida albicans, Carica Papaya, anticandida activity
Nutritional Evaluation of Unripe Carica Papaya Unripe Musa Paradisiaca and Mucuna Cochichinensis, Weaning Food Formulation (Published)
Unripe Carica papaya, unripe Musa paradisiaca and Mucuna cochichinensis were processed into flour and formulated into diets MPPA, MPPB, MPPC, MPPD and MPPE used for preparing weaning food. The proximate composition, anti-nutritional factors, biological evaluation through feeding trial alongside a standard diet with nutrend infant formula was determined. Results shows that the formulated weaning diets MPPA, MPPB, MPPC, MPPD and MPPE had protein value of (16.50-20.50%), fat (2.89-4.02%) ash (2.47-2.84%) crude fibre (1.16-1.22%), moisture (9.60-9.80%) and carbohydrate (62.4-66.87%). The formulated diets have more protein than the control nutrend. Anti-nutritional values revealed oxalate (0.21- 0.24%), polyphenol (0.31-0.41%) trypsin inhibitor (27.6-43.8 tu/g), HCN (4.4-4.9mg/Kg), phytate (0.02-0.07%). Values were according to standard recommendation for complementary food. The biological evaluation of the formulated diets were significantly different (P<0.05) than that of the standard. Based on the performance of MPPB on the rats, it is recommended for use in household to prevent and restore normal health in children suffering from kwashiorkor and should be manufactured commercially by Food industries.
Keywords: Carica Papaya, Mucuna Cochichinensis, Musa Paradisiaca, Weaning Food