Microbial phytohormones represent a transformative approach to eco-conscious farming, providing sustainable substitutes for conventional chemical inputs. This review systematically analyzes the functions, practical uses, and limitations of microbially-produced plant hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and stress-related compounds in boosting agricultural output and plant stress adaptation. We emphasize how beneficial soil microorganisms regulate plant hormonal balance to enhance growth, water efficiency, and pathogen defense in diverse crops. Cutting-edge innovations in genetic modification and nano-scale delivery systems are presented, supported by empirical evidence demonstrating significant yield improvements (15-40%). Persistent obstacles including inconsistent field results, product stability, and regulatory complexities hinder commercial scalability. The paper further investigates synergistic opportunities with smart farming technologies like sensor networks and predictive analytics. By consolidating contemporary scientific findings, this analysis offers practical strategies for implementing microbial hormone solutions to meet rising food demands while promoting environmental stewardship.
Keywords: Bio-Stimulants, biotechnology, crop enhancement, plant growth-promoting microbes, smart farming
