This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing evidence on parental transition processes from diagnosis to active intervention, examine the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in supporting this transition, and identify key factors that influence parental adaptation and engagement. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across multiple databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, and SocINDEX) for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Results reveal that twenty-eight studies involving 5,312 participants met inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that parental transition follows a predictable pattern involving initial shock and grief, information seeking, intervention selection, and adaptation phases. Parent-mediated interventions demonstrated the highest effectiveness (d = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45-0.85), followed by early intervention programs (d = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.81) and behavioral interventions (d = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.78). Key facilitating factors included positive communication with healthcare providers, supportive therapeutic relationships, collaborative care approaches, and early access to interventions. Primary barriers included disorder complexity, inefficient team coordination, lack of information, and social stigma. Cultural factors and family values significantly influenced the transition process. In conclusion, the transition from diagnosis to active intervention is a complex, multifaceted process that requires comprehensive support systems. Parent-mediated interventions and early intervention programs show the strongest evidence for facilitating positive transitions. Healthcare providers play a crucial role in supporting families through this transition by providing clear communication, coordinated care, and early access to evidence-based interventions. Future research should focus on developing culturally sensitive interventions and addressing systemic barriers to care access.
Keywords: behavioral interventions, network meta-analysis, neurodevelopmental disorders, parent-mediated interventions, parental transition
