Factors Associated to Flood Resilience Measurement in Narayani River Basin, Nepal (Published)
Resilience measurement is burning discourse these days for most of the international humanitarian and development works. Building resilience is important aspect for sustainability and ownership of a particular community for any development programing; and similarly measuring the resilience is crucial to showcase the evidence of change in the development works. There is growing need to invest in its measurement approach that enhance the resilience-especially related to the flood. The main objective of this research is to identify the factors, which contribute to the flood resilience measurement that explains community-level empirical evidence. Accordingly, research was done in two communities of Narayani river basins at Susta Rural Municipality, Nawalparashi-west, Nepal. The paper illustrates overall findings include factors contributing to the flood resilience measurement and how these factors are categorized and mapped out in the flood resilience measurement in general. The factors associated with livelihood capitals, resilience properties, and the DRR cycle have a great impact than others in community resilience. The paper also highlights comparative analysis on one community to another and one factor to another and presents process-oriented community actions and empirical evidence from the research findings that contribute to flood resilience measurement.
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Keywords: Flood, Measurement, Resilience, capitals, sustainable livelihoods framework
The Application of Frameworks in the Unpacking of the Problematic of Human-Environmental Interaction: The Case of the Qua Iboe River in the Niger Delta of Nigeria (Published)
This paper looks at human-environment interaction (HEI) using the lens of three frameworks- DPSIR, Resilience/ Panarchy and Political Ecology as vehicles for a holistic understanding of the impact of anthropogenic activities on the environment. Drawing evidence from the case of the Qua Iboe River in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria as a marine resource, the complexity in the interaction between the local communities, the Federal Government and the oil companies were identified. The result of this interaction is the pollution of the river and the conflict between the stakeholders. It is therefore recommended among others that there is the need for multilayer governance involving all the stakeholders as a baseline for mitigation of the problem.
Keywords: Conflict, DPSIR, Environmental Pollution, Federal government, Niger-Delta, Political Ecology, Qua Iboe River, Resilience, panarchy
The Impact of Flooding On the Livelihood of People Living In the Luhonono Area in the Zambezi Region, Namibia (Published)
This study examined the impact of floods on the livelihoods of the community of the Luhonono area (formally called Schuckmansburg) in the Kabbe constituency in the Zambezi Region of Namibia. The problem identified is the persistent flooding in the Luhonono area, giving rise to the need to look at the impact of floods on the livelihoods of the local community. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches, utilising both descriptive and exploratory designs. The target population for the study was all the heads of households, community leaders and a political councillor of government in Luhonono area. The study applied both purposive sampling and simple random sampling techniques. Structured questionnaires and an interview guide were used as research instruments to collect data from the sample. The data was used to measure the impact of floods on the livelihood of the people in the flood-prone area. The data collected were computed using the Excel computer program version 16.0 and the data were analysed by both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Chi Square tests were carried out to determine the association of villages and the severity of the flooding to the respondents. Hypotheses to test this association were examined using the Chi Square method. It was established that there is no association between the villages and the overall severity of the floods in the Luhonono area. This implies that all the villages were equally affected by the flood. There is a need for further studies to develop baseline data on the impact of flood that will help the Government of the Republic of Namibia in establishing strategies that will help the communities in flood prone areas to develop resilience against the impact of floods.
Keywords: Disaster, Flood, Hazard, Preparedness, Resilience, Vulnerability