Comparative Study of the Administrative Process of Public and Private Senior Secondary Schools in Bauchi State (Published)
The study is investigating “Comparative Study of the Administrative Process of Public and Private Senior Secondary Schools in Bauchi State’’. The aim of the study was to compare the extent of coverage of the administrative process in senior secondary school between privately owned schools (private schools) and Government owned schools (public schools) in Bauchi State. It was designed to survey the administrative process in line with UNESCO (1985) six administrative processes propounded by Henri Fayol called Fayolism or theory of administration, for the school administrators. Six research questions guided the study; while six hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. This study adopted the Descriptive Survey Design, Cronbach Alpha coefficient reliability of 0.80 estimated as the consistency reliability of the questionnaire. A 36 item questionnaire was used to extract information from 171 respondents, made up of 105 principals, 31 administrative officer and 35 senior teachers, which constituted the sample. Data was analysed using Mean and T-test as statistical tools. Result of the study revealed that (i) the grand mean LE=4.045 of the planning process of public and private schools has no significant difference (ii) the organizing process of public and private schools with a grand mean of LE=3.605, (iii) there is no significant difference in the staffing process of public and private senior secondary schools, though the administrative process of staffing receives the least attention in the administrative processes with a grand mean of a ME=3.375;(iv) the directing process has a grand mean LE=3.5;(v) the coordinating process LE=3.61;(vi) while the evaluating process was at a grand mean of LE=3.84. contrary to previous assumption, the null hypothesis which was accepted and alternative was rejected showing to a large extent, secondary school administrators in Bauchi carry out administrative processes in line with known practices and are similar to both public and private schools; It was recommended among others that: school administrators should seek to improve on their administrative processes; and administrators of public schools and private schools should accept one another, there should be more emphasis on the staffing in schools.
Keywords: Bauchi state, Comparative study, Private, Senior Secondary Schools, administrative process, public
Seclusion as a Means of Education: A Comparative Study between Muslim Scholars and Orientalists (Published)
This study sheds light on the issue of seclusion as a means of education for Sufis and others. It presents the scholars’ concept of seclusion in language and convention. The study investigates some issues related to religious seclusions, demonstrates their conditions and how to perform them, identifies their types and their positive and negative effects, and presents the opinions of Muslim scholars and orientalists on the issue of seclusion. The study found that there are several types of seclusions, some of them can be used for religious purposes, such as Sufi seclusion, others for curative purposes, such as self-control and emotional stability. Sufi seclusions are similar – regarding their conditions and rituals – to some other ritual acts of other religions, particularly Christianity. Sufi Sheikhs established several conditions for seclusion, some of them are of a religious nature and consistent to the approach of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him), and others are exaggerated and intense. In addition to the different types of seclusions, the Sufi approaches also vary according to the duration of the seclusion and the type and number of dhikr.
Keywords: Comparative study, Muslim scholars, means of education, orientalists, seclusion